Peoplewithdisabilitiescomprisealargepartofthepopulation.Itisestimatedthatover35millionAmericanshavephysical,mental,orotherdisabilities.Abouthalfofthesedisabilitiesare“developmental”,i.e.,theyoccurpriortotheindividual’stwenty-secondbirthday,oftenformgeneticconditions,andaresevereenoughtoeffectthreeormoreareasofdevelopment,suchasmobility,communication,employment,etc.Mostotherdisabilitiesareconsidered“adventitious”,i.e.,accidentalorcausedbyoutsideforces.

Priortothe20thcentury,onlyasmallpercentageofpeoplewithdisabilitiessurvivedforlong.Medicaltreatmentforthesedisabilitieswasunavailable.Advancementsinmedicineandsocialserviceshavecreatedaclimateinwhichpeoplewithdisabilitiescanexperttohavesuchbasicneedsasfood,shelter,andmedicaltreatment.Unfortunately,thesebasicareoftennotavailable.Civillibertiessuchastherighttovote,marry,getaneducation,andagainemploymenthavehistoricallybeendeniedonthebasicofdisability.

Inrecentdecades,thedisabilityrightsmovementhasbeenorganizedtoflightagainsttheseinfringements(侵害)ofcivilrights.Congressrespondedbypassingmajorlegislationrecognizingpeoplewithdisabilitiesasprotectedclassundercivilrightsstatutes.

Stilltoday,peoplewithdisabilitiesmustfighttolivetheirlivesindependently.ItisestimatedthatmorethanhalfofqualifiedAmericanswithdisabilitiesareunemployed,andamajorityofthosewhodoworkareunderemployed.Abouttwo-thirdsliveatorbelowtheofficialpovertylevel.

Significantbarriers,especiallyintransportationandpublicawareness,preventdisabledpeoplefromtakingpartinsociety.Forexample,whilenolongerprohibitedbylawfrommarrying,apersonwithnoaccesstotransportationiseffectivelyexcludedfromcommunityandsocialactivitieswhichmightleadtothedevelopmentoflong-termrelationships.

Itwillonlybewhenpublicattitudesadvanceasfaraslawsarethatdisabledpeoplewillbefullyabletotaketotheirrightplaceinsociety.

16.”developmental”disability.

A.developsveryslowlyovertimeB.iscausedforces

C.occursinyouthandaffectsdevelopmentD.isgettingmoreandmoresevere

17.Mostdisabledpeopleusedtodieearlybecause.

A.disabilitiesdestroyedmajorbodilyfunctionsB.theywerenotverywelllookedafter

C.medicaltechniqueswerenotavailableD.theyweretoopoortogetpropertreatment

18.Intheauthor’sopinion,toenablethedisabledpeopletotaketheirrightfulplaceinsociety,.

A.morelawsshouldbepassedB.publicattitudesshouldbechanged

C.governmentshouldprovidemoreaidsD.morepublicfacilitiesshouldbeactup

19.Whichofthefollowingcannotbeinferredfromthepassage?

A.Manydisabledpeoplemayremainsinglefortheirwholelife.

B.Thepublictendstolookdownuponthedisabledpeople.

C.Thedisabledpeoplefeelinferiortothosesurroundingthem.

D.Discriminatory(有差别的)lawspreventthedisabledfrommixingwithothers.

20.Thebesttitleforthispassagemightbe.

A.HandicapsofPeoplewithDisabilitiesB.TheDifficultiesoftheDisabled

C.TheCausesforDisabilitiesD.MedicalTreatmentsforDisabilities

PartIIVocabularyandStructure(共40小题，每小题1分，共40分)

Directions:Inthisparttherearefortyincompletesentences.Eachsentenceisfollowedbyfourchoices.ChoosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentenceandthenmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.

21.It’sstillearlyinthemorning.Thereisn’tintheoffice.

A.anyoneB.everyoneC.nobodyD.anypeople

22.isnotknownwhattheydiscussedinthemeeting.

A.ThatB.HeC.ThisD.It

23.Yhesadnewsbrokeherandshehasbeengloomyeversince.

A.feelingsB.emotionsC.mindD.heart

24.Heismuchofagentlemantofight.

A.soB.asC.veryD.too

25.Notuntilthistermtorealizehowimportantthissubjectistohisfuturecareerasadiplomat.

A.hebeganB.hahasbegunC.didhebeginD.thathahasbegun

26.whowouldliketogoonthetripshouldputtheirnamesonthelist.

A.ThoseB.TheseC.SomebodyD.Theones

27.Abottleweighslessafterairistakenout,provesthatairhasweight.

A.weB.itC.whichD.what

28.Howlong?

A.yousupposediditlastB.doyousupposeitlasted

C.didyousupposeitlastD.yousupposeitlasted

29.Smmithhadsometroubletheman’saccent.

A.tounderstandB.understandingC.forunderstandingD.withunderstanding

30.Thenextfewdayscouldbeforthepeacenegotiation.

A.maximumB.practicalC.criticalD.urgent

31.Hequitealotwhenhewasyoung.

A.usedtotravelB.usedtotravelingC.wasusedtotravelD.wouldusedtotravel

32.Youmeyourtelephonenumberincasesomeonewantstocontactyou.

A.hadbettergiveB.hadbettergivenC.hadbettertogiveD.hadbettergave

33.MaryusedtotheroomwithLinda.

A.separateB.divideC.holdD.share

34.—Mustwehandinourexercise-booksnow?

—No,you.

A.mustn’tB.don’tC.needn’tD.can’t

35.Shepulledawayfromthewindowanyoneshouldseethem.

A.lestB.eventhoughC.unlessD.onlyif

36.Notahasbeenfoundsofarthatcanhelpthepolicefindthecriminal.

A.factB.clueC.symbolD.sign

37.Shewouldmakeateacherfarsuperiortheaverage.

A.overB.thanC.beyondD.to

38.Radioisdifferentfromtelevisioninitsendsandreceivespictures.

A.whichB.thatC.whatD.this

39.Tomandjackhavereturnedbutstudentsofthegrouphaven’tcomebackyet.

A.otherB.theothersC.othersD.another

40.Ithalfayearsincewetostudyinthisuniversity.

A.is;comeB.is;havecome

C.hasbeen;cameD.hasbeen;havecome

41.Thefactthatsomethingischeapdoesn’tmeanitisoflowquality.

A.necessarilyB.especiallyC.essentiallyD.practically

42.Theysetoffbycarandthenearesttown.

A.madeforB.madeafterC.madeoutD.madeto

43.Takethisbaggageandyoucanfindenoughroom.

A.putitwhichB.putitinwhich

C.putitatwhereD.putitwherever

44.Hedoesn’twantthathe’sgoingaway.

A..tobeknownB.himtobeknown

C.thattobeknownD.ittobeknown

45.Thenoisearoundwasterrible,butIhadtoit.

A.keepawayfromB.keepupwithC.livewithD.liveon

46.Hethathisguestswerebored,althoughtheywerelisteningpolitely.

A.impressedB.sensedC.inferredD.identified

47.OnSundaysIpreferathometoout.

A.tosay;goB.stay;goingC.staying;goingD.staying;go

48.I’dliketowritetohim,butwhat’sthe?Heneverwritesback.

A.significanceB.businessC.pointD.purpose

49.Therewereopinionsastothebestlocationforthenewschool.

A.disagreeingB.conflictingC.rejectingD.reverting

50.bythenewsofhisfather’sdeath,hecouldhardlyutteraword.

A.TobestunnedB.StunnedC.TostunD.Stunning

51.,we’dbettermakesomechangesintheplan.

A.ThatisthecaseB.Thatbeenthecase

C.ThattobethecaseD.Thatbeingthecase

52.Theyhaveequippedtheofficewiththebusinessmachines.

A.lastB.latterC.latestD.later

53.ThepolicefoundthatGeorgehadstillanotherofincome.

A.originB.sourceC.basisD.means

54.Anopen-mindedteacherdoesn’talwaysonesingleteachingmethod.

A.setasideB.takeoverC.takeonD.stickto

55.Muchtothestudent’s,theexamwaspostponed.

A.burdenB.concernC.reliefD.requirement

56.Childrennormallyfeelalotofabouttheirfirstdayatschool.

A.anxietyB.differenceC.feelingsD.trouble

57.Theweatherwashotthatshedecidedtohavethebarberherhairstyle.

A.rather;tochangeB.so;change

C.muchtoo;changeD.too;changed

58.Shemeetherformerinstructoronthebus.

A.delightedtoB.happenedtoC.pleasedtoD.tendedto

59.Justasnotwowordsaretrulysynonymousnotwodifferentexpressionscanmeanexactlythesamething.

A.ratherB.alsoC.yetD.so

60.Thenewengineer’ssuggestionswereintherevisedplan.

A.entitledB.engagedC.embodiedD.estimated

PartIVTranslation：

Oneofthemwasfrommyschooldays,whenourninthgradeteacher,MissRaber,wouldpickoutwordsfromtheReader’sDigesttotestourvocabulary.(PassageFour)

PartIIVocabularyandStructure

Directions:Inthisparttherearefortyincompletesentences.Eachsentenceisfollowedbyfourchoices.ChoosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentenceandthenmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.

21.thedifficultiesassociatedwiththeproject,we’llgoonwithit.

A.GivenB.InspiteofC.ThanktoD.Becauseof

22.Itwasalmostdarkinthestreetsafewverypowerfulspotlights.

A.excludingB.butforC.exceptD.exceptfor

23.today,hewouldgettherebyFriday.

A.WouldheleaveB.Ifheleaves

C.WasheleavingD.Werehetoleave

24.Hegavemesomeveryadviceonbuyingahouse.

A.preciousB.expensiveC.wealthyD.dear

25.Hisgoalisnottobecomeasportsman,achampioninacertainfield.

A.butratherbecameB.butrathertobecome

C.butratherbecomingD.butrathertobecoming

26.Ijustmetheronthewayhomefromthebookstore.

A.onpurposeB.byaccidentC.inaccidentD.incase

27.Idon’tknowabouthim,commentonhimbehindhisback.

A.letaloneB.letgoC.leavealoneD.takeleave

28.Mytransistorradioisoutoforder.It.

A.needtoberepairedB.needrepairing

C.needsrepairingD.needstorepair

29.Noonecouldtellusanythingaboutthestranger.

A.consciousB.mysteriousC.seriousD.previous

30.Maryallfoolishcommentsandkeptonworking.

A.excludedB.ignoredC.deniedD.discharged

31.Iagreewithhim,butnotentirely.

A.untilacertainpointB.tosomepoint

C.tosomeextentD.untilacertainextent

32.Peopleinsomepartsoftheworldoftentaketheirwaterfor.theyuseasmuchwaterastheywish.

A.grantedB.sureC.certainD.pleasure

33.Color-blindpeopleoftenfinditdifficulttobetweenblueandgreen.

A.separateB.compareC.contrastD.distinguish

34.Thousandsofpeopleonthecitytowelcomethevisitingguests.

A.turnedoffB.turnedupC.turnedoutD.turnedover

35.Themountainplaceisbeautiful,buttheworkingconditions,it’sterrible.

A.whenmentionedB.whenitcomesto

C.whenitissaidD.whenitdiesto

36.Areyouspendingmoremoneyonthespaceprogram?

A.infavorofB.byfavorofC.infavortoD.outoffavor

37.Intheofmyparents,standardsofeducationinthepublicschoolareactuallyfalling.

A.ideaB.thoughtC.opinionD.principle

38.fromspace,ourearth,withwatercovering70%ofitssurface,appearsasa“blueplanet”.

A.SeeingB.TobeseenC.SeenD.havingseen

39.Thisyear’stotaloutputvalueofindustryandagriculturewillincrease5percentoverlastyears.

A.byB.toC.ofD.with

40.Maryisthetopstudentintheclass.Shestudiesharder.

A.thananystudentB.thanallthestudents

C.thananyotherstudentD.thansomeotherstudent

41.Manypeoplehaveappliedfortheposition.

A.emptyB.bareC.vacantD.blank

42.Mynewshoescostme50yuan(RMB).ThepricewasthatthelastpairIboughtamonthago.

A.twotimemorethanB.twiceasmuchas

C.astwiceD.asmuchastwice

43.Almosteveryonefailedonthefirstday.

A.passhisdriver’stestB.tohavepassedhisdriver’stest

C.topasshisdriver’stestD.passinghisdriver’stest

44.Overthetraditionalfestivalpeoplevisiteachotherandgreetings.

A.exchangeB.wishC.congratulateD.present

45.Itwasbecausehewastiredoutthathefellasleepstandingup.

A.publiclyB.openlyC.speciallyD.obviously

46.Theyoungmanwasaccusedoftheladyofhermoney.

A.stealingB.robbingC.takingD.grasping

47.NomatterwhereourPartyneedsus,wewillhercall.

A.giveanswerforB.respondto

C.haveresponsetoD.answerto

48.Itisastonishingthatapersonofyourintelligencebecheatedsoeasily.

A.couldB.shouldC.mightD.would

49.Wewerecompletelywhenwefinallyreachedthedestination.

A.wornoffB.worndownC.wornoutD.wornaway

50.Manythingsimpossibleinthepastarecommontoday.

A.consideredB.toconsiderC.consideringD.tobeconsidered

51.Notuntilmanyyearslaterknown.

A.wasthewholetruthbecomeB.didthewholetruthbecome

C.thewholetruthbecameD.thewholetruthhadbecame

52.Wedidn’tknowhistelephonenumber,otherwisewehim.

A.wouldtelephoneB.wouldhavetelephoned

C.hadtelephonedD.musthavetelephoned

53.Thereisnopointwithhim,sincehehasalreadymadeuphismind.

A.argueB.toargueC.inarguingD.ofarguing

54.Iappreciatethatletterforme.

A.youtowriteB.yourwritingC.youwriteD.thatyouwriting

55.I’dliketoaspecialseatfortheconnectofMay5.

A.serveB.reserveC.preserveD.conserve

56.thatsoniswellagain,younolongerhaveanythingtoworryabout.

A.SinceB.NowC.WhenD.After

57.Generallyspeaking,allkindsofmaterialswillexpandwhenheatedbutwillwhencooled.

A.contrastB.contractC.surviveD.return

58.Youwon’tknowifitfitsyouuntilyouiton.

A.willtryB.aretryingC.aretotryD.havetried

59.Afteralleffortsinvain,hehadtoaccepttheresult.

A.regularlyB.shallowlyC.physicallyD.painfully

60.Therestofhislifeistothecauseofinternationalexchangesofvisitingscholars.

A.addedB.putC.savedD.committed

Part I Reading Comprehension

Directions: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by four comprehension questions. Read the passage and answer the questions. Then mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.

Passage 1

Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:

Some years ago the captain of a ship was very interested in medicine. He always took medicine books to sea and liked to talk about different diseases.

One day a lazy sailor on his ship pretended to be ill. He lay on his bunk (铺) and groaned as if he were very sick. The captain came to see him and was very pleased to have a patient to look after. He told the man to rest for a few days and made the other sailors do his work. Three days later another sailor pretended that he had something wrong with his chest. Once more the captain looked in his medical books and told “sick” man to have a rest.

The other sailors were very angry because they had more work to do. The patients had the best food and laughed at their friends when the captain was not looking. At last the mate (船长副手) decided to cure the “sick” men. He mixed up some soap, soot (烟灰), glue (胶水) and other unpleasant things. Then he obtained permission from the captain to give his medicine to the “sick” men. When they tasted the medicine, they really did feel ill. It was so horrible that one of the patients jumped out of hi bunk, ran up on desk and climbed the highest mast on the ship. He did not want any more medicine.

The mate told both of the men that they must take the medicine every half an hour, night and day. This soon cured them. They both said they felt better and wanted to start word again. The captain realized that the men tried to deceive him so he made them work very hard for the rest of the voyage.

1. The first sailor pretended to be ill because he wanted to .

A. test the captain’s knowledge of medicine B. be free from work

C. have the best food on the ship D. play a joke on his friends

2. When the captain knew a sailor was ill, he .

A. didn’t care much B. sent for a doctor

C. looked after him and told him to have a rest D. gave him some medicine

3. The patients felt better quickly because .

A. they had been given proper medicine

B. they learned that the captain had found out the truth

C. they were laughed at by their friends

D. the medicine the mate gave was horrible

4. When the captain knew he had been deceived, he .

A. told them not to do so again B. lost his temper

C. made them work harder D. fired them

5. Which of the following best summarizes the passage?

A. A sudden Cure. B. Two Patients. C. Captain and Sailors. D. A Difficult Voyage.

Part IV Translation

One horse or mule was required to support four human beings a ratio that remained almost constant for many decades. (Passage Four)